Plant and Soil Science

Microorganisms are very important in the formation of soils, ensuring their functioning as biosable bodies of nature and are an indicator of qualitative changes in the soil. As a result of anthropogenic impact, there is a decrease in the number and depletion of the species composition of the microbiota. Changes in the indicators of the microbiological activity of chernozem regraded under the influence of intensive, low-cost and organic fertilizer systems of maize were studied. The determination of the number of different groups of soil microorganisms was carried out by the method by D. G. Zvyagintsev by sowing soil suspension on solid nutrient substratum. It was found that the most favorable indicators of microbiocenoses were on the variant with an organic fertilizer system. Both the low agrochemical variant and the variant of the intensive system adversely influenced the processes of humification in the chernozem according to the content of pedotrophic and humate-decomposing organisms. With intensive technology, oligotrophic enhancement has been established, which causes competition for available nitrogen between microorganisms and plants. The number of amonifying organisms in the low-cost system was 2.03 times more relatively intensive and 2.3 – relative to the organic system, which indicates a tendency for organic substances to decompose. 

soil microbiological activity, black soil, microorganisms, fertilizer systems, organic matter, organic fertilizer system.