Plant and Soil Science

One of the widespread legumes that can be successfully grown in Ukraine is dolichos. The introduction of this liƩle-known culture into horticulture is limited by the lack of cultivation technology. Among the main technological measures aimed at increasing the yield, the important role is to choose the optimal landing period. The purpose of the research was to identify the adaptive properties of dolichos plants on the basis of the study of sowing time for line production in the conditions of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. According to the purpose, it was envisaged to establish the features of the passage of phenological phases of growth and development, to determine the morphological features of plants depending on the sowing time. Experiments on sowing time for growth and development of dolichos were laid in 2016-2018 at the collection areas of “Fruit and vegetable garden” of NUBIP of Ukraine in Kyiv region. The time of sowing was studied: the third decade of April - 27.04, the first decade of May - 10.05, the third decade of May - 25.05, and the first decade of June - 08.06. The control was taken in the third decade of April. The sowing scheme was the same for all variants of studies - 70 × 20 cm with a plant density of 71 thousand units / hectare. The influence of sowing time on the features of the passage of phenological phases of plant growth and development and the morphological features of dolichos have been established. Sowing time affected the speed of the sort. There is a tendency that with a later sowing period the period from flowering to the beginning of technical maturity of beans decreased. The most ripening plants were in the 3rd (25.05) and 4th (08.06) sowing periods with the shortest growing season 41-45 days. Dolichos plants reacted very sensitively to changing growing conditions. Early sowing significantly inhibited optimal plant growth. The more developed vegetative mass was characterized by plants in the late spring sowing period (10.05), during which the length of the stalk and the number of shoots averaged 150 cm and 8.9, respectively. The early spring and summer sowing times were unsuitable for dolichos, in which the plants formed more depressed. In the future, it is necessary to continue research on the effect of sowing periods for dolichos, which can produce high yields of blades for green peas.

dolichos, timing of sowing/landing time, stairs, flowering, ripening of beans, beans, shoots, stem, vegetative mass.