Plant and Soil Science

The features of soybean varieties for cultivation in Podillia were studied based on the analysis of scientific sources. The study considers the key lines of increasing the productivity of soybean varieties. The advantages, main disadvantages, and challenges of growing soybean varieties in Podilia are presented and substantiated. The characteristics of soybean varieties, the impact of the inoculation process and the effectiveness of microfertilisers were studied, which made it possible to develop measures of cultivation technology accounting for plant biology and changes in climatic conditions. The processes of cultivation and development of soybean varieties: Maxus, Cordoba, Saska, depending on seed processing with insecticidal-fungicidal seed treatment Standak Top, inoculants Hi Stack, High Cat Super, High Cat Super Extender and seed treatment with microfertiliser KoMo 15, in addition to foliar fertilisation with microfertilisers Vuksal Boron and Bosfoliar during the growing season. The research on different maturity groups of soybean varieties such as Maxus, Cordoba, Saska, revealed positive performance results from the application of microfertilisers, inoculants, treatment of soybean seed with inoculants and microelement Vuxal CoMo 15. Moreover, seed treatment Standak Top 1 l/t also prevents the development of diseases such as Fusarium, anthracnose, seed mold, promotes rooting of plants in the soil due to accelerated development of the root system, increases of the assimilation surface of the leaf apparatus, promotes the activation of nitroreductase, which also activates photosynthesis, manifested in the so-called AgCelence effect. Plants have an intensely saturated dark green color, soil pests are effectively eliminated. Experiments on the impact of seed inoculation on soybean yields were conducted by combining the inoculant, Vuxal CoMo, and the insecticidal fungicidal preparation Sandak Top in a tank mixture with a sowing period of up to 5-7 days. One of the main requirements is the use of high-quality inoculants with a high content of viable nitrogen-fixing bacteria for soybean seed treatment, which is a necessity today, as it allows to fully reveal and realise the genetic and varietal potential of modern varieties. Moreover, this will contribute to high soybean yields with optimal costs and the fastest possible return on investment, especially in the current conditions. The study resulted in the development of new technological aspects of combining the inoculation process and the use of microfertilisers and insecticide-fungicide preparations in the cultivation technology, which gave significant results in increasing yields. The relative humidity of the air and the reserves of productive soil moisture should also be factored in. The findings of the research are aimed at solving urgent tasks in the technology of growing legumes, namely: developing a variant of soybean cultivation technology for the selection of varieties adapted to this climate zone, the use of inoculants and microfertilisers in the context of climate change in Podillia

soy, variety, inoculation, microfertilisers, pre-sowing seed treatment, yield2021