Plant and Soil Science

The article examined agrobiological and environmental protection methods for increasing the yield of spring rapeseed on drained organogenic soils under conditions of climate change, taking into account the characteristics of these soils and methodological approaches to determining mineral fertiliser doses in a field stationary experiment on drained organogenic soils of the floodplain of the Supii River. The aim of the research was to determine the effectiveness of the methodology for calculating the most appropriate fertiliser doses and the peculiarities of forming the optimal regime for spring rapeseed crops on drained organogenic soils by determining the reasonable rates of mineral fertiliser application depending on the methods that take into account the specifics of these soils. The study used methods such as field research with a complex of biometric, agrochemical and laboratory studies, as well as mathematical and statistical methods. The research focused on the development of optimal mineral fertilisation systems and effective methods of peatland use, taking into account environmental aspects. It was found that the application of mineral fertilisers leads to an intensification of mineralisation processes, which increase with higher fertiliser doses, resulting in the accumulation of nutrients that affect the yield of cultivated crops and their migration into drainage waters. Using field, laboratory and statistical methods, the authors determined that the highest mineralisation of peat and CO₂ emissions occur in crop rotations with annual crops, while perennial grasses reduce peat depletion. It was also found that the highest rapeseed yield was achieved in grass-field crop rotations with the application of mineral fertilisers (3.0-3.3 t/ha), which reduced energy costs and increased economic efficiency. Studies had revealed significant leaching of nitrate nitrogen and potassium into drained waters, especially in spring and autumn, which contributed to water pollution. The proposed methods also increased the stability of the agroecosystem, minimising degradation processes in organogenic soils and reducing the environmental impact on the surrounding environment. The results obtained were of practical value in improving organic fertilisation systems for binary crops and ensuring the sustainability of agroecosystems, and can be used by agricultural producers of various forms of ownership

peat soils; decomposition of linen fabric; organic matter; fertilisation; soil cultivation; productivity; biogenic substances