Plant and Soil Science

Patterns of formation of morphometric traits and productivity of daikon (Raphanus sativus L. convar. acanthiformis Sazon.) under different sowing dates

Ivan Fedosiy, Oleksandr Komar, Iryna Bobos, Mykhailo Retman
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Abstract

The adaptation of agrotechnologies to climate challenges and the sustainable production of functional food products determined the relevance of searching for optimal cultivation parameters for underutilised vegetable crops. The aim of the study was a comprehensive analysis of the formation of biometric and marketable characteristics of daikon radish as influenced by sowing dates to adapt production technology to the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Field experiments (2022-2024) were conducted to study the cultivars ‘Gulliver’ and ‘Minowase’ across four sowing dates from early July to early August. For the ‘Minowase’ cultivar, sowing in the third decade of July resulted in the highest leaf count (20.8), rosette height (45.4 cm), and photosynthetic surface area (4,886 cm²), exceeding the indicators of other dates by 7.6-13.8%. The ‘Gulliver’ cultivar demonstrated a similar trend with maximum morphological parameters. Sowing in the first decade of July led to the lowest leaf weight in the studied cultivars, with a decrease of 7.4% and 29.9% compared to the optimal date. Root crop development correlated with the leaf rosette (r = 0.31-0.90): under the optimal sowing date, ‘Minowase’ formed root crops with a length of 35.4 cm and a diameter of 7.2 cm, ensuring the highest average weight of 426 g. In the ‘Gulliver’ cultivar, the average root crop weight across the studied sowing dates was 0.9-4.4% lower than that of ‘Minowase’. Variability in root crop weight was determined by the sowing date at 44.9% (p < .001), while the influence of annual weather conditions (23.5%) and genotype (5.1%) was significantly lower. A moderate correlation was found between sowing dates and root crop weight (r = 0.79-0.89), and regression analysis confirmed a weight change of 8.82 g (‘Gulliver’) and 11.92 g (‘Minowase’) for every 10-day deviation. Sowing daikon in the third decade of July was optimal for yield stabilisation as it ensured a favourable hydrothermal regime; meanwhile, early sowing dates cause a significant reduction in the linear dimensions of root crops. The improved cultivation technology for daikon radish is recommended for industrial and small-scale producers to expand the assortment of vegetable crops and provide the market with fresh, valuable vegetable produce

Keywords

morphometric parameters; leaf area index; correlation analysis; climate change adaptation; varietal characteristics

Suggested citation
Fedosiy, I., Komar, O., Bobos, I., & Retman, M. (2026). Patterns of formation of morphometric traits and productivity of daikon (Raphanus sativus L. convar. acanthiformis Sazon.) under different sowing dates. Plant and Soil Science, 17(2), 18-33. https://doi.org/10.31548/plant2.2026.18
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